Non-aqueous liquid shampoo composition

ABSTRACT

This invention relates to compositions suited to use as hair shampoos, and particularly those developed with a view to the treatment of a hair borne infestation, or of a skin disease of the scalp in addition to the primary purpose of hair cleaning and conditioning. In a first aspect of the invention there is provided a substantially non-aqueous liquid shampoo composition comprising at least one detergent, at least one active agent incompatible with water, an organic bulking agent and shampoo excipients, said organic bulking agent being miscible with water and miscible with said at least one detergent and shampoo excipients. It has been surprisingly found that replacing an aqueous bulking agent such as water with an organic compound which is compatible with active agents insoluble in water but which itself is miscible with water and miscible with detergents can produce a cosmetically and aesthetically acceptable non-aqueous liquid shampoo, particularly one having acceptable foaming characteristics.

This invention relates to compositions suited to use as hair shampoos,and particularly those developed with a view to the treatment of a hairborne infestation, or of a skin disease of the scalp in addition to theprimary purpose of hair cleaning and conditioning.

BACKGROUND

Hair shampoos are a common household commodity in many communitiesaround the world. The properties of a good shampoo often depend upon theintended application, but may include the ability to cleanse the hairand scalp of the user thoroughly, but without stinging, irritation orthe removal of excess natural oils from the scalp, cosmetic andaesthetic characteristics including the imparting of lustre, softnessand manageability and the formation of foam necessary for removal ofdirt particles. Consumers consider foaming ability an importantaesthetic consideration in assessing the acceptability of a shampoo.

Shampoos may be variously formulated as liquids, creams, pastes,aerosols or dry formulations. The majority are liquids, either clear orpearlised. The principal constituents of most liquid shampoos can beclassified as detergents, thickeners, foam stabilisers and boosters,perfumes, preservatives, diluents or bulking agents (usually water),conditioning agents or emollients, pearlisers/opacifiers and colours.The bulking agents are included primarily for commercial purposes, so asto allow a consumer to dispense a typical amount of shampoo so as toachieve a desirable level of lather and cleaning.

In addition, some shampoos having a specialised application, such asminimisation of eye sting, treatment of dandruff or other scalpconditions, or which are formulated for specific hair types such as dry,oily, coloured or permed hair often contain further additives to fulfiltheir advertised purpose. It is desirable to combine the cleansingcharacteristics of a shampoo with medicated treatments for hair borne orskin-based diseases at least for convenience, if not for ease ofapplication.

Shampoos in liquid form usually contain a large proportion of water.Water is frequently used as the bulking agent in liquid shampoos,because of its inert properties, its miscibility with other shampooconstituents, its low cost, and its ease of removal from hair during thenormal washing process.

However, in instances where it is desirable to include an additive in aliquid shampoo, and in which the additive is not compatible with water,such as some medicaments, there is a need to find an alternative to theuse of water as a bulking agent.

There are many difficulties in formulating a non-aqueous shampoo. Forexample, the use of alcohols in shampoos may reduce or destroy desirablefoam formation. Alternatively, oils are often too greasy and so arecosmetically unacceptable in the amounts required. Exotic non-aqueousbulking agents are commercially prohibitive because of their high cost.

Various medicated compositions exist which are directed to the treatmentof scalp or skin diseases, or to lice infestation in hair for example.U.S. Pat. No. 5,993,787 (JOHNSON & JOHNSON CONSUMER PRODUCTS INC) isdirected to a topical preparation for treatment of fungal infections.This formulation is presented in the form of a lotion and has nocleansing characteristics such as are desirable in a medicated shampoo.Similarly, EP0028525 (ORION-YHTYMA OY) is directed to a topical solutionapplied to the scalp for treatment of alopecia, and AU599086 is directedto a topical treatment of scalp diseases but not in a shampoo format.

Other patented formulations are aqueous and so are not well suited tothe incorporation of active agents which are insoluble in water. Amongstthis class of prior art disclosures are U.S. Pat. No. 5,866,152(SUMITOMO CHEMICAL COMPANY) directed to shampoos for treatment of lice,and U.S. Pat. No. 5,559,092 (CHEESEBOROUGH-PONDS USA CO.DIVISION OFCONOPCO, INC).

It is an object of the present invention to produce a non-aqueous liquidshampoo which contains an active agent such as for treatment of scalp orskin diseases, or for treatment of hair infestations in a compositionwhich imparts desirable aesthetic characteristics to the hair beingtreated, has a satisfactory cleansing and foaming capacity, and whichdoes not have undesirable effects on the user.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Therefore, in a first aspect of the invention there is provided asubstantially non-aqueous liquid shampoo composition comprising at leastone detergent, at least one active agent incompatible with water, anorganic bulking agent and shampoo excipients, said organic bulking agentbeing miscible with water and miscible with said at least one detergent.

It has been surprisingly found that replacing an aqueous bulking agentsuch as water with an organic compound which is compatible with activeagents insoluble in water but which itself is miscible with water andmiscible with detergents can produce a cosmetically and aestheticallyacceptable non-aqueous liquid shampoo, particularly one havingacceptable foaming characteristics.

Throughout this specification, the reference to a “non-aqueous” shampoois not intended to exclude compositions that contain a minimum amount ofwater by virtue of their incorporation of constituents commonly used inshampoos such as surfactants which may contain a proportion of water.Therefore, reference to a non-aqueous shampoo composition is intended toinclude compositions where no water per se is added to the composition.In the context of the invention therefore, compositions containing nogreater than 20%, more preferably no greater than 15% of water based onthe total weight of the composition, the water present in thecomposition by virtue of its inclusion in normal shampoo constituentsmay be defined as “non-aqueous”.

The use of the term “comprising” throughout this specification isintended to mean that constituents other than those specificallyidentified may be incorporated within the compositions of the invention,and is not intended to exclude specific constituents or components notspecifically identified as being present in the shampoo compositions ofthe invention.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the non-aqueous liquidshampoo composition may additionally include one or more of a solvent, afoam booster and/or a mild surfactant.

In a further preferred embodiment, the organic bulking agent is presentin an amount of at least 20%, more preferably 50% based on the totalweight of the composition. Desirably, the organic bulking agent ispresent in amounts no less than 10%

Organic compounds, which do not inhibit foam formation, are preferred asbulking agents.

The organic bulking agent may be selected from polyethylene glycol(PEG), monohydric alcohols (examples are alcohols with C₂ to C₆ chain),polyhydric alcohols (examples are propylene glycol, hexylene glycol andglycerol), glycol ethers (examples are pluronic surfactants), ketones(examples are cyclohexanone and diacetone alcohol) and short chainedesters (examples are acetates, lactates and carbonates)

Preferably, the organic compound is PEG with a molecular weight of200–800.

In a more preferred embodiment, the organic bulking agent is PEG 400.

In an alternative preferred embodiment, the organic bulking agent ispropylene glycol.

Detergents which are suited to incorporation in the compositions of theinvention may include commonly used shampoo detergents which are usuallyanionic and inexpensive. Sodium laureth sulphate is one possible choiceand is easily the most widely used in current shampoos(particularly inEurope). Alternative detergents include alkyl sulphates, alkyl ethersulphates, α-Olefin sulphonates, paraffin sulphonates, isethionates,sarcosinates, taurides, acyl lactylates, sulphosuccinates, carboxylates,protein condensates, betaines, glycinates, amine oxides and alkylpolyglycosides. Other alternatives will be apparent to a skilledaddressee.

Preferred detergents according to the invention may be selected fromalkyl sulphates (examples are sodium lauryl sulphate and ammonium laurylsulphate), alkyl ether sulphates (examples are sodium laureth sulphateand ammonium laureth sulphate) and sulphsuccinates (example is dialkylsodium sulfosuccinate).

In a more preferred embodiment, the detergent is a synthetic detergentand is selected from the group consisting of alkyl sulphates and alkylether sulphates.

Foam boosters according to a preferred embodiment of the invention maybe selected from alkyl (amido) betaines (an example is cocamidopropylbetaine), alkanolamides (examples are cocamide DEA and lauramide DEA)and amine oxides (examples are cocamine oxide and lauramine oxide).

A mild surfactant suited to use in preferred compositions of theinvention may be any which are commonly used in liquid shampoos. Theterm “mild” will be understood by those skilled in the art.

The shampoo of the invention includes an active agent which would not becompatible in an aqueous shampoo. Compatibility includes such factors assolubility and stability. The active agent may be a compound which needsto be solubilised in the composition to be effective and/or cosmeticallyacceptable. The active agent may be a pharmaceutical ingredient.

Examples of suitable pharmaceutical ingredients include antifungals andantidandruffs such as ketoconazole, antipsoriatics such as betamethasonevalerate, antipruritics such as menthol, hair loss preventative agentssuch as minoxidil, non-steroidal anti-inflammatories, such as piroxicam,ketoprofen or ibuprofen and antibacterials.

Preferably, the pharmaceutical ingredient is an antifungal agent, morepreferably clotrimazole or ketoconazole.

The clotrimazole pharmaceutical ingredient may be present in the shampoocomposition in an amount of 0.05% to 10.00% based on the total weight ofthe composition.

In a preferred embodiment, the clotrimazole is present in an amount ofabout 2% based on the total weight of the composition.

Although the organic bulking agent may solubilise the active agent, asolvent in addition to the organic compound bulking agent may berequired to achieve solubilisation of the active agent. Examples ofsolvents that may be used are alkyl pyrolidones (examples are caprylylpyrrolidone and lauryl pyrrolidone), ketones (examples are cyclohexanoneand diacetone alcohol), amines (examples are pyrrole andN-methyl-2-pyrrolidone), esters (examples are acetates, lactates andcarbonates), aldehydes, aromatics (and example is alkyl benzene)monohydric alcohols (examples are alcohols with C₂ to C₆ chain) andpolyhydric alcohols (examples are propylene glycol, hexylene glycol andglycerol).

The solvent required will depend on the solubility profile of the activeagent to be incorporated.

The non-aqueous shampoo of the invention may include other excipients,including thickening agents such as hydroxypropyl cellulose, carbomersand hectorite clays, as well as a number of additives commonly includedin shampoos such as vitamins, essential oils, fruit extracts, dyes orperfumes.

The pH of the liquid shampoo composition may be adjusted so as toprovide a stable composition.

The pH of the final composition may be in the range of 4–10, for aclotrimazole liquid shampoo preferably in the basic range of 7–9.

In a most preferred embodiment of the invention, the non aqueous shampooincludes active agent in an amount of 0.05–8% w/w, solvent in an amountof 5–15% w/w, organic bulking agent in an amount of 2–5% w/w,surfactant/booster in an amount of 1–5% w/w, and detergent in an amountof 5–25%.

One particular embodiment of the invention desirable for commercialpurposes is that according to example 1 below.

In an alternate embodiment of the invention, there is provided a methodof topically treating a dermal infection or condition including applyingthe non-aqueous shampoo according to the invention to the skin or hairof a patient in need of such treatment which composition preferablycontains an antifungal agent. In a preferred embodiment, the antifungalagent is clotrimazole.

In a further embodiment of the invention there is provided the use of anorganic bulking agent for the preparation of a non-aqueous shampoo whichcomprises at least one detergent, an active agent incompatible withwater, conventional carriers and shampoo excipients, said organicbulking agent being soluble in water and miscible with said at least onedetergent. In this embodiment the organic bulking agent is desirablypresent in amounts greater than 10%, preferably greater than 20%, andmore preferably greater than 60% by weight of the shampoo composition.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

The shampoo composition of the invention is illustrated by the followingexamples:

Ingredient Class % W/W Clotrimazole Pharmaceutical active 2 Surfadone LP100 Solvent 10 PEG 400 Organic bulking agent 60.5 HydroxypropycelluloseThickening agent 4 Cocamidopropyl Betaine Surfactant/booster 2.5 SodiumCocoamphacetate Mild surfactant 4 Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate Detergent7 Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate Detergent 10

Example 2

Ingredient Class % W/W Ketoconazole Pharmaceutical active 1 Caprylylpyrrolidone Solvent 10 PEG 400 Organic bulking agent 61.5Hydroxypropycellulose Thickening agent 4 Cocamidopropyl BetaineSurfactant/booster 2.5 Sodium Cocoamphacetate Mild surfactant 4 SodiumLauryl Ether Sulfate Detergent 7 Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate Detergent 10

Example 3

Ingredient Class % W/W Menthol Pharmaceutical active 5 Caprylylpyrrolidone Solvent 10 PEG 400 Organic bulking agent 60.5Hydroxypropycellulose Thickening agent 4 Cocamidopropyl BetaineSurfactant/booster 2.5 Sodium Cocoamphacetate Mild surfactant 4 SodiumLauryl Ether Sulfate Detergent 7

Example 4

Ingredient Class % W/W Menthol Pharmaceutical active 5 Ethanol Solvent 5Caprylyl pyrrolidone Solvent 10 PEG 400 Organic bulking agent 56Hydroxypropycellulose Thickening agent 4 Cocamidopropyl BetaineSurfactant/booster 2.5 Sodium Cocoamphacetate Mild surfactant 5 SodiumLauryl Ether Sulfate Detergent 12 Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate Detergent 10

Example 5

Ingredient Class % W/W Minoxidil Pharmaceutical active 2 Caprylylpyrrolidone Solvent 10 Propylene glycol Bulking agent 60.5Hydroxypropycellulose Thickening agent 4 Cocamidopropyl BetaineSurfactant/booster 2.5 Sodium Cocoamphacetate Mild surfactant 4 SodiumLauryl Ether Sulfate Detergent 7 Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate Detergent 10

Example 6

Ingredient Class % W/W Piroxicam Pharmaceutical active 1 Caprylylpyrrolidone Solvent 10 PEG 400 Organic bulking agent 61.5Hydroxypropycellulose Thickening agent 4 Cocamidopropyl BetaineSurfactant/booster 2.5 Sodium Cocoamphacetate Mild surfactant 4 SodiumLauryl Ether Sulfate Detergent 7 Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate Detergent 10

Example 7

Ingredient Class % W/W Ketoprofen Pharmaceutical active 2.5 Caprylylpyrrolidone Solvent 10 PEG 400 Organic bulking agent 60Hydroxypropycellulose Thickening agent 4 Cocamidopropyl BetaineSurfactant/booster 2.5 Sodium Cocoamphacetate Mild surfactant 4 SodiumLauryl Ether Sulfate Detergent 7 Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate Detergent 10

Example 8

Ingredient Class % W/W Ibuprofen Pharmaceutical active 2.5 Caprylylpyrrolidone Solvent 10 PEG 400 Organic bulking agent 60Hydroxypropycellulose Thickening agent 4 Cocamidopropyl BetaineSurfactant/booster 2.5 Sodium Cocoamphacetate Mild surfactant 4 SodiumLauryl Ether Sulfate Detergent 7 Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate Detergent 10

Example 9

Ingredient Class % W/W Betamethasone Valerate Pharmaceutical active 0.12Caprylyl pyrrolidone Solvent 10 PEG 400 Organic bulking agent 62.38Hydroxypropycellulose Thickening agent 4 Cocamidopropyl BetaineSurfactant/booster 2.5 Sodium Cocoamphacetate Mild surfactant 4 SodiumLauryl Ether Sulfate Detergent 7 Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate Detergent 10The above examples were made using the following process:

-   -   The pharmaceutical active, solvent and organic bulking agent        were combined together and stirred until a clear solution        formed. In some instances the solution was gently warmed to        80° C. to assist with the dissolution of the pharmaceutical        active.    -   With stirring the surfactant/booster, mild surfactant and        detergent were added and stirred until a uniform mixture        resulted. Each ingredient was intimately mixed into the solution        prior to the addition of the next ingredient.    -   Where insoluble particulates remained these were filtered out.        (Some surfactants are not totally soluble in a non-aqueous        system. In those cases it was necessary to filter the        composition prior to the addition of the thickening agent. The        removal of the small quantity of insoluble material did not        affect the performance of the shampoo.)    -   The solution was brought to a temperature of 50° C. and the        thickening agent was added with constant stirring until the        thickening agent had completely swelled out.

It will be appreciated that the invention is in no way limited to theabove examples.

The following formulations were tested to determine the amount of waterthat compositions of the present invention would tolerate beforeunacceptable precipitation occurred.

Formulations:

% w/w Ingredients 1 2 3 4 5 6 Clotrimazole 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00Caprylyl pyrrolidone 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 PEG 400 60.5055.50 50.50 45.50 40.40 35.50 Cocoamidopropyl Betaine 2.50 2.50 2.502.50 2.50 2.50 Sodium Cocoamphacetate 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 AmmoniumLauryl Sulfate 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 Purified water 4.009.00 14.00 19.00 24.00 29.00 Total water content in 15.00 20.00 25.0030.00 35.00 40.00 formulation

The thickening agent was not included as it had no other effect but tothicken the shampoo.

At the time of manufacture there were no visible indications thatclotrimazole came out of solution. Samples of each formulation werestored at 4° C., room temperature and 50° C.

It was observed that after 3 days storage examples 5 and 6 showedclotrimazole crystal growth at 4° C. and at room temperature. After 1week it was observed that examples 3 and 4 had crystal growth at 4° C.and room temperature but all the 50° C. samples remained clear. Thisindicated that temperature affected the active solubility. After severalmonths, only 1 example that contained 15% w/w water, as crystal free atboth 4° C. and room temperature. Example 2 at 4° C. and room temperaturehad some crystal growth.

The results suggested that for formulations containing clotrimazole itwas preferable to keep the water content below 15% where the formulationwould be stored at room temperature or less.

Foaming Performance

The following example was developed to compare the foamingcharacteristics of the shampoo of the current invention against thefoaming characteristics of three commercially available shampoos.

Formulations

Four formulations were examined for their foaming performance. Threecommercially available shampoos:

Premium grade everyday shampoo,

No brand basic everyday shampoo,

Medicated Anti-dandruff shampoo containing 2% ketoconazole,

The shampoo of the current invention based on Example 1.

Methodology

The method for measuring foaming is derived from the CIPAC Handbook,Chapter 7.

50 mL of the standard hard water at 342 ppm hardness is poured into a100 mL standard stoppered cylinder. Into this 0.01 grams of shampoo isweighed. The cylinder is stoppered and inverted 30 times at a rotationof 180° C. and then placed on a flat surface and left undisturbedthroughout the test period.

Since shampoos employ the use of highly foaming surfactants it wasnecessary to use an amount in these experiments that would be able toprovide measurable foam volumes as well as show any potentialdifferences between the shampoos. While 0.01 grams of shampoo may be asmall amount it was able to provide a satisfactory foam that wasmeasurable.

Results

The foam volume was measured at three temperatures: 23° C., 35° C. and40° C. at initial, 30 second, 1 minute, 2 minutes, 3 minutes and 5minutes. The measuring cylinders containing the shampoo solutions werekept at the specified temperatures for the duration of the test.

A=Premium Everyday Shampoo

B=Basic Everyday Shampoo

C=Medicated Shampoo with 2% ketoconazole

D=Shampoo of the current invention (Example 1)

TABLE 1 Foam Volum at 23° C. Foam Volume (mL) Time A B C D Initial 55 6040 44 30 seconds 46 48 35 44 1 minute 46 46 35 43 2 minutes 44 46 35 423 minutes 44 45 34 42 5 minutes 44 45 33 42

TABLE 2 Foam Volume at 35° C. Foam Volume mL Time A B C D Initial 45 4549 53 30 seconds 35 38 40 44 1 minute 35 38 40 44 2 minutes 35 38 38 443 minutes 35 38 38 44 5 minutes 35 38 38 44

TABLE 3 Foam Volume at 40° C. Foam Volume (mL) Time A B C D Initial 5555 55 50 30 seconds 45 47 45 40 1 minute 45 45 43 40 2 minutes 44 45 4340 3 minutes 44 45 43 40 5 minutes 44 45 43 40Reproducibility between the results was also checked. Using the premiumeveryday shampoo the above experimentation was repeated a further threetimes with the standard water at 23° C. Below are the results:

TABLE 4 Reproducibility in measured foam volume for the premium everydayshampoo. Foam Volume (mL) Time 1 2 3 Initial 45 47 50 30 seconds 37 3943 1 minute 37 38 42 2 minutes 37 38 42 3 minutes 36 38 41 5 minutes 3538 41When these results are compared to the results obtained earlier (table 1shampoo A) there is a consistent variation of approximately ±5 mL.

The measured foam volume for the four shampoos tested demonstrate thatthe shampoo of the current invention performs as well as commerciallyavailable products at foam generation an maintenance. This is also truewhen the water temperature was increased from cool temperatures totemperatures that imitate shower temperature.

Aesthetic Acceptability

To assess the commercial utility and the aesthetic acceptability of thenon-aqueous clotrimazole shampoo, a blind study was carried out in which5 volunteers were provided with 4 shampoo products labelled A, B, C andD. After using each shampoo the volunteers were required to fill out asimple questionnaire concerning the performance of each shampoo.

Experimentation:

The four shampoos used in the blind study were:

Shampoo A: Non-aqueous Clotrimazole Shampoo according to example 1.

Shampoo B: Premium Grade Everyday Shampoo

Shampoo C: Medicated Anti-dandruff Shampoo containing 2% Ketoconazole

Shampoo D: Basic Standard Everyday Grade Shampoo

The volunteers were provided with 60 grams of each shampoo in a 100 mLHDPE pump pack. Along with the shampoo they were provided with aquestionnaire to fill out when they had finished evaluating the shampoo.

Over a period of a fortnight the volunteers tested the shampoos andfilled out the questionnaire.

Results and Discussion:

The volunteers were asked to evaluated the following characteristicswhen using the shampoos:

Whether the shampoo lathered well.

How well the shampoo cleaned their hair.

The physical condition of the hair after using the shampoo.

Was the hair's manageability altered after using the shampoo.

Was there any eye/skin discomfort.

The results were collected and are represented in Tables 1–5.

Shampoos A, B and D performed well to moderately well in their abilityto lather. In fact they lathered better than Shampoo C which is a 2%ketoconazole shampoo that is currently marketed to treat dandruff. Allthe shampoos rated highly in their ability to clean.

When the volunteers were asked to assess the hair condition aftershampoo use, they responded that both Shampoo A and C showed nonoticeable effect or some improvement. Shampoos B and D were thought toeither have no noticeable effect or cause the hair to becomebrittle/dry.

In the category of Hair Manageability the majority of the volunteersfelt that the Shampoo C was the best. It either had no affect or therewas some improvement. Shampoos B and D either had no effect or worsenedhair manageability after use. Shampoo A rated somewhere in betweenShampoos C and B and D.

Sometimes when a shampoo is being used, the user experiences someadverse reaction to a component of the shampoo. Table 5 shows that allthe shampoos performed well and that no shampoo is distinguished.

CONCLUSION

Shampoo A, the non-aqueous shampoo, does provide a good lather andadequately cleans the hair. It does not cause adverse effects to thehair condition and manageability. When compared to commerciallyavailable shampoos (Shampoo B, C and D) it performs equally as well.

It will be appreciated that the scope of this invention is not limitedby specific disclosures and examples of this specification but extendsto formulations which would be understood by a skilled addressee asbeing equivalent in nature and effect to those compositions specificallydescribed.

1. A substantially non-aqueous liquid shampoo composition comprising atleast one detergent, at least one azole antifungal agent, an organicbulking agent selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycolof a molecular weight of 200–800 and propylene glycol, and shampooexcipients, said organic bulking agent being miscible with water andmiscible with said at least one detergent wherein the water content isless than 20% by weight of said composition and wherein said bulkingagent is present in an amount greater than 20% by weight of saidcomposition.
 2. A substantially non-aqueous liquid shampoo compositionas claimed in claim 1 wherein said organic bulking agent is present inamounts greater than 50% by weight of said composition.
 3. Asubstantially non-aqueous liquid shampoo composition as claimed in claim1 wherein said organic bulking agent is selected so as not to affectfoam formation of said composition.
 4. A substantially non-aqueousliquid shampoo composition as claimed in claim 1 wherein the at leastone azole antifungal agent, is selected from the group consisting ofclotrimazole and ketoconozole.
 5. A method of topically treating adermal infection or condition comprising the step of applying asubstantially non-aqueous liquid shampoo composition as claimed in claim1 to the skin or hair of a patient in need of such treatment.
 6. Amethod of topically treating a dermal infection or condition as claimedin claim 5 wherein the azole antifungal agent is selected from the groupconsisting of clotrimazole and ketoconazole.
 7. A substantiallynon-aqueous liquid shampoo composition as claimed in claim 1, whereinsaid polyethylene glycol is PEG
 400. 8. A substantially non-aqueousliquid shampoo composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the watercontent is less than 15% by weight of said composition.
 9. Asubstantially non-aqueous liquid shampoo composition as claimed in claim1, wherein said at least one detergent is selected from the groupconsisting of an alkyl sulphate, an alkyl ether sulphate, and asulphosuccinate.
 10. A substantially non-aqueous liquid shampoocomposition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the azole antifungal agent isan imidazole.
 11. A substantially non-aqueous liquid shampoo compositionas claimed in claim 1, further comprising a foam booster.
 12. A methodof topically treating a dermal infection or condition as claimed inclaim 5, wherein said azole antifungal agent is an imidazole.